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• Comparative Nonprofit Sector Project Methodology
  The Johns Hopkins Comparative Nonprofit Sector Project sought to develop a common base of data about a similar set of “nonprofit” or “voluntary” institutions in a disparate set of countries. This required that we resolve five critical methodological and conceptual challenges including selection of a set of differing countries for testing theories; clearly defining what was meant by “nonprofit” or “voluntary” organizations; development of a classification scheme; identification the most meaningful aspects of these organizations to focus on for data-gathering purposes; and devising a way to collect reliable data on these aspects in a cost-efficient fashion. This document describes how the Center went about these tasks and provides more detail on the actual sources of data used in various countries.

• Global Civil Society: Dimensions of the Nonprofit Sector, Volume 1 (1999)
  ISBN 1-886333-42-4 | Lester M. Salamon, Helmut K. Anheier, Regina List, Stefan Toepler, S. Wojciech Sokolowski, and Associates. Resulting from the Johns Hopkins Comparative Nonprofit Sector Project, this volume presents a comprehensive country-by-country analysis of the scope, size, composition, and financing of the civil society sector in 22 countries around the world. The full text is available for download here; also available for purchase at Amazon.

• Romania: Chapter 17 in Global Civil Society, Volume 1 (English, 1999)
  Chapter 17 of Global Civil Society: Dimensions of the Nonprofit Sector, Volume 1. Resulting from the second stage of the Johns Hopkins Comparative Nonprofit Sector Project, this chapter analyses the scope, size, composition, and financing of the civil society sector in Romania. Data is circa 1995.

• Romania: Defining the Nonprofit Sector (1998)
  Comparative Nonprofit Sector Working Paper #32 | Daniel Saulean and Carmen Epure. Identifies the late emergence of the nonprofit sector in Romania as a result of the institutions imposed by the Socialist regime, and illustrates the changes in the nonprofit sector in post-Socialist Romania. This paper also identifies obstacles faced by the non-governmental sector, such as geopolitical instability and civil law, as causes that contributed to the limited growth of this sector.

• Romania: Philanthropy, Nationalism, and the Growth of Civil Society (1998)
  Comparative Nonprofit Sector Working Paper #31 | Maria Bucur. Traces the historical origins of discourse on social welfare and philanthropy being employed today to institutionalize a newly burgeoning nonprofit sector. Looks at the role of the State, religion, and cultural homogeneity as factors affecting the growth of the Romanian Third Sector. Concludes that the sector’s difficulties in defining itself are based on the gap between the novelty of the sector and the traditional nature of its conceptual origins.

• Romania: Workforce, expenditures, and revenue data (1995)
  Adapted from Lester M. Salamon, S. Wojciech Sokolowski, and Associates, Global Civil Society: Dimensions of the Nonprofit Sector, Volume Two (Bloomfied, CT: Kumarian Press, 2004). Data circa 1995.